The “Calvinist-Arminian Debate” is the common name used to describe a particular dispute in the area of Christian soteriology. “Soteriology” is the area of theology that addresses salvation and how it is obtained. In this case, it relates to how one comes to believe the Gospel, what human will is capable of, what God’s role is in this, and whether we could lose our salvation. It is primarily a Protestant debate, but many of the same questions can be entertained between Protestants, Catholics, and the Eastern Orthodox.
Before I begin, it should be noted that this precise debate does not relate to how we are saved. Both “sides” (assuming a conservative perspective) typically agree on the work and nature of Christ and the need of faith. The Gospel is the same for each, and if it is not then that represents a different debate. It is only why we come to accept it as true that is being disputed here.
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